Which supplementation is known to improve the buffering capacity of skeletal muscle?

The supplementation known to improve the buffering capacity of skeletal muscle is carnosine and GPLC. Carnosine, a dipeptide composed of beta-alanine and histidine, is found in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and acts as a buffer to help maintain pH levels during high-intensity exercise. By increasing the buffering capacity, carnosine can delay the onset of fatigue and enhance performance during prolonged bouts of strenuous activity.

GPLC, or glycine propionyl-L-carnitine, is associated with improved blood flow and increased performance metrics, which may contribute to an enhanced buffering effect in muscle tissue. Together, these supplements can more effectively help to manage acidosis that occurs during intense exercise, leading to better endurance and performance outcomes.

The other choices, while they may offer benefits for performance and recovery, do not specifically target buffering capacity in the same effective manner as carnosine and GPLC. For example, while beta-alanine (part of choice C) is indeed effective at increasing muscle carnosine levels, other supplements in that option do not primarily focus on improving muscle buffering.