Which catabolic hormone is counteracted by supplementation with glutamine and phosphatidylserine?

Cortisol is the correct answer because it is a catabolic hormone that plays a significant role in the body's stress response, particularly during prolonged physical activity or stress. Elevated cortisol levels can lead to muscle breakdown, reduced protein synthesis, and other negative effects on muscle recovery and performance.

Supplementation with glutamine has been shown to support immune function and may help reduce the negative effects of cortisol, particularly during periods of intense training or stress. Glutamine serves as a fuel source for various cells in the body and is particularly important during times of metabolic stress.

Phosphatidylserine, on the other hand, has been studied for its ability to lower cortisol levels and mitigate the effects of stress. It is a phospholipid that is vital for cell membranes and contributes to cognitive functions, but its role in enhancing recovery and potentially reducing cortisol levels makes it a valuable supplement for athletes and active individuals.

Together, these supplements can help counteract the catabolic effects of cortisol, thus aiding in muscle recovery and overall performance during stressful situations or intensive training regimens.