What are the essential amino acids?

Essential amino acids are those that the body cannot synthesize on its own and therefore must be obtained through diet. There are nine essential amino acids: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. These amino acids play crucial roles in various bodily functions, including protein synthesis, enzyme function, and hormone production. Since the body lacks the ability to produce these amino acids, a deficiency can lead to various health issues, making it vital to consume them through protein-rich foods such as meat, dairy, eggs, and plant-based sources like beans and nuts. This understanding emphasizes the importance of a well-rounded diet, particularly for individuals involved in physical training and sports performance, who may have elevated protein and amino acid requirements.