What are ketones and how are they produced?

Ketones are organic compounds that are produced during the metabolism of fats when carbohydrates are in short supply, such as during fasting, prolonged exercise, or a low-carbohydrate diet. When the body doesn’t have enough glucose to meet its energy needs, it initiates a process called ketogenesis, where fatty acids are converted into ketone bodies in the liver. These ketone bodies, which include acetone, acetoacetate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate, can be utilized by various tissues, including the brain, as an alternative energy source.

This process highlights the body’s ability to adapt its energy substrate preferences based on availability. In the absence of ample glucose from carbohydrates, fat stores become the primary source of energy, leading to the production of ketones. Consequently, the role of ketones as fuel sources derived from fat accumulation accurately describes their nature and origin.