Under what condition does glutamine become conditionally essential?

Glutamine is classified as a conditionally essential amino acid, which means that while the body typically synthesizes enough of it under normal circumstances, certain situations can increase the body's demand beyond its production capacity.

During periods of high stress or illness, the body's metabolic needs change significantly. Stressful situations, such as major surgeries, trauma, infections, or intense physical training can lead to an increased requirement for glutamine. In these catabolic states, the body may break down more muscle protein, which can deplete the stores of glutamine. This makes it essential for recovery and immune function since glutamine plays crucial roles in protein synthesis, energy production, and serving as a nitrogen donor for various metabolic processes.

Thus, in the context of injury and illness, there is a marked increase in the demand for glutamine to support healing, immune response, and overall recovery, making it a conditionally essential nutrient during these times.