How does lactic acid affect energy metabolism during exercise?

During exercise, particularly in high-intensity efforts, lactic acid is produced as a byproduct of anaerobic metabolism. As lactic acid accumulates in the muscles and bloodstream, it dissociates into lactate and hydrogen ions (H+). The release of hydrogen ions lowers the pH of the muscle environment, leading to acidity.

This decrease in pH can negatively impact muscle function and performance in several ways. The acidic environment can impair the contractile ability of muscle fibers, potentially leading to earlier onset of fatigue. As the pH drops, enzymatic activity involved in energy production can also be diminished, further affecting the muscle's ability to generate ATP, which is crucial for sustaining exercise.

Consequently, during intense physical activity, the accumulation of lactic acid and the associated decrease in pH are critical factors that can hamper athletic performance, making the chosen response accurate in reflecting the physiological impacts of lactic acid on energy metabolism during exercise.